In brief
High blood pressure often causes no obvious signs until organ damage has occurred, particularly in the eyes, kidneys, brain or heart. Measurement is quick and especially important in older and at-risk cats.
What counts as hypertension?
Blood-pressure readings are interpreted by the risk of target-organ damage rather than one rigid number. Persistent systolic pressure of 160 mmHg or higher is generally associated with increasing concern, while values at or above 180 mmHg carry a high risk of damage. Technique, stress and repeated measurements matter.
Why it happens
Hypertension is commonly associated with chronic kidney disease, hyperthyroidism or primary hyperaldosteronism. Some cats have no identifiable underlying cause. Temporary situational hypertension can occur in the clinic, which is why calm handling and context are essential.
Organs at risk
- Eyes: retinal bleeding or detachment can cause sudden blindness.
- Brain: disorientation, altered behaviour, seizures or weakness may occur.
- Kidneys: hypertension can worsen renal injury and protein loss.
- Heart: persistent pressure can contribute to cardiac structural change.
Diagnosis and treatment
Several consistent measurements are usually taken with an appropriately sized cuff while the cat is calm. Underlying disease is investigated. Amlodipine is commonly used; other treatment may be added depending on proteinuria or the underlying disorder. Follow-up checks are essential to avoid both under- and overtreatment.
Conclusion
Do not wait for blindness or neurological signs. Routine blood-pressure screening is one of the most valuable checks for older cats and cats with kidney or thyroid disease.